Lab Guide
How to read your lab results
Blood test reports are full of acronyms and reference ranges that are rarely explained. This guide breaks down common biomarkers in plain English — what each one measures, the normal range, and what a high or low result can mean. Find your value below.
Medically reviewed by Antonieta Rueda, MD and Kyle R. Toth, MD
Popular lab result guides
Start with these commonly searched values, or browse the complete library below.
TSH levels
Normal range and high or low TSH
MCV blood test
Normal range and red blood cell size
Free T4
Thyroid hormone ranges and interpretation
Nitrites in urine
Positive results and UTI context
TIBC
Iron-binding capacity and iron status
Estradiol levels
Ranges by sex and life stage
Browse all biomarkers
Triglycerides
LipidsTriglycerides
LDL
LipidsCholesterol Low-Density Lipoprotein
HDL
LipidsCholesterol High-Density Lipoprotein
Leukocyte Esterase
UrinalysisUrinalysis
TSH
ThyroidThyroid-Stimulating Hormone
Immature Granulocytes
Blood countBlood Test
ALT
LiverAlanine Aminotransferase
Free T4
ThyroidThyroxine
Squamous Epithelial Cells
Urinalysisin Urine
Non-HDL
LipidsCholesterol
Absolute Neutrophils
Blood countAbsolute Neutrophil Count ANC
ALP
LiverAlkaline Phosphatase
WBC
Blood countWhite Blood Cell Count
VLDL
LipidsCholesterol
Bilirubin
LiverBilirubin
Urine Urobilinogen
UrinalysisUrobilinogen in Urine
Estradiol
HormoneE2
Iron Saturation
IronTransferrin Saturation
Urine Specific Gravity
UrinalysisUrine Specific Gravity
Ferritin
IronBlood Test
AMH
HormoneAnti-Müllerian Hormone
NRBC
Blood countNucleated Red Blood Cells
TPO Antibodies
ThyroidThyroid Peroxidase TPO Antibodies
BNP
CardiacB-type Natriuretic Peptide
Chloride
ElectrolytesBlood Test
A1C
MetabolicHemoglobin A1C
Troponin
CardiacTroponin
TB Blood Test
ImmuneIGRA / QuantiFERON
Anion Gap
ElectrolytesBlood Test
A/G Ratio
LiverAlbumin/Globulin Ratio
SHBG
HormoneSex Hormone Binding Globulin
RPR
ImmuneRapid Plasma Reagin
Urine Nitrites
UrinalysisNitrites in Urine
CO2
ElectrolytesCarbon Dioxide / Bicarbonate
Eosinophils
ImmuneBlood Test
Globulin
LiverBlood Test
eGFR
KidneyEstimated Glomerular Filtration Rate
TgAb
ThyroidThyroglobulin Antibodies
Hyaline Casts
UrinalysisUrinalysis
ApoB
LipidsApolipoprotein B
Urine pH
UrinalysisUrine pH
BUN/Creatinine Ratio
KidneyBUN/Creatinine Ratio
Folate
Blood countVitamin B9
MCHC
Blood countMean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration
Basophils
ImmuneBlood Test
Lipase
MetabolicBlood Test
TIBC
IronTotal Iron-Binding Capacity
Total Protein
LiverBlood Test
DHEA-S
Hormoneulfate DHEA-S
CK
MetabolicCreatine Kinase
Occult Blood
Urinalysisin Urine
Hemoglobin
Blood countBlood Test
Albumin
LiverBlood Test
Platelets
Blood countBlood Test
MCH
Blood countMean Corpuscular Hemoglobin
MCV
Blood countMean Corpuscular Volume
IgE
ImmuneImmunoglobulin E
Condition lab guides
Interpreting blood work for a specific condition? These guides explain which tests are used and what the results mean.
CMP (Comprehensive Metabolic Panel)
What every value on a 14-test metabolic panel means.
BMP (Basic Metabolic Panel)
What every value on an 8-test basic metabolic panel means.
Lipid Panel (Cholesterol Test)
Total, LDL, HDL, triglycerides, non-HDL and VLDL explained.
Celiac Disease Blood Test Results
Understand celiac disease blood test results — tTG-IgA, EMA, and total IgA.
Lyme Disease Blood Test Results
Understand Lyme disease blood test results and the two-step ELISA and Western blot process.
Lupus Blood Test Results
Understand lupus blood test results including ANA, anti-dsDNA, and complement levels.
Lymphoma Blood Test Results
Understand what lymphoma blood test results can reveal.
Leukemia Blood Test Results
Understand leukemia blood test results.
Mono (Mononucleosis) Blood Test Results
Understand mono (mononucleosis) blood test results — the monospot test, EBV antibodies, and CBC findings.
Multiple Myeloma Blood Test Results
Understand multiple myeloma blood test results — SPEP, free light chains, calcium, and kidney markers.
Iron Deficiency Anemia Lab Results
Understand iron deficiency anemia lab results — ferritin, iron, TIBC, hemoglobin, and MCV.
Understand your own results
Vero reads your uploaded labs and explains what your specific numbers mean — in the context of your health history, medications, and goals. Not generic ranges. Yours.
Download Vero on the App StoreFree to download. No credit card required.